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Contact Information
Name | Carlos A. Ramírez |
Address | 1801 K Street NW. Washington DC. 20006. |
carlos.ramirez@frb.gov | |
Phone | +1 202 452 3169 |
Employment
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2024 - Principal Economist
Division of Research and Statistics. Federal Reserve Board. -
2019 - 2024 Senior Economist
Division of Research and Statistics. Federal Reserve Board. -
2016 - 2019 Economist
Division of Research and Statistics. Federal Reserve Board. -
2009 - 2010 Research Fellow
CEA-DII, Universidad de Chile. -
2008 - 2009 FX Trader and Fixed Income Analyst
AFP CUPRUM.
Education
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2016 PhD in Finance
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA -
2012 MSc in Finance
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA -
2008 MSc in Economics
Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile -
2006 BSc in Engineering
Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Publications
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Oct 2024 Firm Networks and Asset Returns. Review of Financial Studies.
- Changes in the propagation of shocks along firm networks are important to understanding aggregate and cross-sectional features of stock returns. When calibrated to match key characteristics of supplier–customer networks in the United States, a model in which firms are interlinked via enduring relationships generates long-run consumption risks, high and volatile risk premiums, and a small and stable risk-free rate. The model also matches cross-sectional patterns of portfolio returns sorted by firm centrality, a feature unaccounted for by standard asset pricing models.
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Apr 2024 On the anatomy of cyberattacks. Economics Letters.
- Joint with Jin-Wook Chang, Kartik Jayachandran, and Ali Tintera.
- Using detailed information on cyberattacks and establishments in the United States, we study whether and how an establishment’s characteristics can alter the likelihood of cyberattacks. We find that larger establishments and establishments of publicly traded companies are more likely targets.
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Aug 2021 The Dynamics of the U.S. Overnight Triparty Repo Market. FEDS Notes.
- Joint with Mark E. Paddrik and Matthew J. McCormick.
- Using supervisory transaction-level data, this note provides an overview of the pricing and clearing process of overnight triparty repos. We present novel facts about how this segment behaves, emphasizing the role that participants, collateral, and trading relationships play in its pricing and clearing process.
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Mar 2021 Imperfect information transmission from banks to investors Macroeconomic implications. Journal of Monetary Economics.
- Joint with Nicolás Figueroa and Oksana Leukhina.
- We study the interaction between screening and information production in loan-backed asset markets wherein credit ratings are prone to error. Conventional regulatory policies can exacerbate credit misallocation by reducing the informational value of high credit ratings. We propose a tax/subsidy scheme that increases efficiency.
Working Papers
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Mar 2024 The Anatomy of Contagion and Macroprudential Policies.
- I propose a model to highlight the relevance of basic characteristics of the structural makeup of contagion for the design of macroprudential policies. Besides characterizing optimal policies under a variety of environments, I show that failing to incorporate said characteristics can lead to inappropriate strategies for crisis prevention.
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Feb 2024 Treasury Triparty Repo Pricing.
- Joint with Mark E. Paddrik.
- Using a comprehensive transaction-level dataset, we show that the pricing of overnight treasury triparty repos is far from uniform across market participants and depends on a delicate interplay between three factors (1) the number of counterparties, (2) counterparty diversification, and (3) how actively such counterparties trade. Importantly, this interplay can be reshaped in times of stress.
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Mar 2022 Regulating Financial Networks A Flying Blind Problem.
- I develop a model for studying the role that uncertainty about the susceptibility of a financial network to contagion plays in the behavior of its member institutions and the design of preemptive interventions. As uncertainty affects the perception of contagion risk, it can reshape market equilibrium inefficiencies, altering the scope of welfare-improving interventions. The socially optimal level of uncertainty depends on a delicate balance between the information technologies available to policymakers and structural features of the network.
Short Academic Visits
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Jul 2022 Department of Finance
Bocconi University, Milano, Italy. -
May-Jun 2022 Department of Finance
UCLA Anderson, Los Angeles, USA. -
Apr-May 2022 Department of Economics
Stanford University, Stanford, USA. -
Mar-Apr 2022 Managerial Economics and Decision Sciences Department
Northwestern University, Evanston, USA.
Teaching Experience
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2013 Regression Analysis
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA. -
2009 Principles of Economics
Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Presentations
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2024 - Finance Forum, Luxembourg, EEA, University of Vienna, Banco de España, CUNEF.
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2023 - MEA, George Washington, Fed Board, WFA, Finance Forum, Banco de España, WANES.
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2022 - MEA, FMCG, Stanford, NASMES, Conference on the Effectiveness of Financial Regulation, ESAM, EFMA, IRMC, Finance Forum, AMES, Vienna Macro Café, Fed System Conference in Regulation.
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2021 - RiskLab-BoF-ESRB Conference, SES, MFA, Conference on Network Science.
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2020 - AEA, MFA, NFA.
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2019 - Conference on Network Science, Banco de Portugal, EFA, EEA-ESEM, Boston Fed, OFR, SED, PUC-Chile, Banco de Mexico, Banco Central de Chile.
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2018 - Conference on Network Science, San Francisco Fed, SED, EFA, WU, LACEA-LAMES, PFMC.
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2017 - PUC-Chile, Warwick, EEA-ESEM, EFA, NFA, CIRANO.
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2016 - Bocconi, IESE, UT Dallas, Fed Board, Cornerstone, Portsmouth-Fordham, CIRANO, Carnegie Mellon, Banco Central de Chile, Luxembourg, ASSET, PUC-Chile.
Honors and Awards
- Macro Finance Society Doctoral Student Travel Grant (2015); AFA Doctoral Student Travel Grant (2014); GSA Conference Funding Award, Carnegie Mellon (2013/2015); Doctoral Research Grant, Tepper-Carnegie Mellon (2013/2014/2015); Dean's Fellowship, Tepper-Carnegie Mellon (2012); William Larimer Mellon Fellowship, Tepper-Carnegie Mellon (2010–2014); Research Fellowship, CEA-DII Universidad de Chile (2009); Outstanding Student Award, School of Engineering, Universidad de Chile (2003/2006).
Service
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Ad-hoc referee
- Operations Research, Journal of Banking and Finance, Review of Finance, Macroeconomic Dynamics, Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Mathematics and Financial Economics, Journal of Economics and Business, World Bank Economic Review, International Journal of Central Banking, Quantitative Finance, Journal of Credit Risk, International Review of Finance.
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Seminar and conference organization
- 2019 Conference on the Interconnectedness of Financial Systems. AEA 2020 Session Financial networks, regulation, and systemic risk. 2021 Conference on the Interconnectedness of Financial Systems. 2024 Conference on the Interconnectedness of Financial Systems.
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Grant reviewer
- NSF, FONDECYT (Chilean NSF)
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Editorial work
- Guest Editor, Journal of Credit Risk, Special Issue. International Risk Management Conference, 2022.